道德经
Tao Te Ching
道家学派创始人老子的著作，全书仅五千余字，却蕴含深刻的哲学智慧。
A work by Laozi, founder of Taoism. Though only about 5,000 characters long, it contains profound philosophical wisdom.
经典简介
《道德经》，又称《老子》，是中国古代道家学派创始人老子的著作，全书仅五千余字，却蕴含深刻的哲学智慧。它是道家思想的重要经典，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。
传统上认为，《道德经》作者老子，名李耳，字伯阳，楚国苦县厉乡曲仁里人（今河南鹿邑），是春秋时期的思想家。据传他曾任周朝守藏室之史（管理图书的官员），晚年西出函谷关，应关令尹喜之请，著《道德经》五千言而去。
《道德经》分为上下两篇，上篇为“道经”，下篇为“德经”，共八十一章。它探讨“道”与“德”的关系，提倡无为而治、返璞归真的生活态度。
核心思想
《道德经》的核心思想是“道”，老子认为“道”是宇宙的本源，是万物生长变化的根本法则。“道”是无形的，却又无所不在，“道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名”。
《道德经》提倡“无为”的治国理念和生活态度，认为统治者应该顺应自然规律，减少人为干预，“无为而治”。在个人修养方面，提倡“知足”、“守柔”、“不争”的处世哲学。
经典名句
道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。
The Tao that can be told is not the eternal Tao; The name that can be named is not the eternal name.
上善若水，水善利万物而不争。
The highest good is like water. Water benefits all things without contention.
知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。
He who knows others is wise; He who knows himself is enlightened. He who conquers others has physical strength; He who conquers himself is strong.
重要章节
Key Chapters
第一章
道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。无名，天地之始；有名，万物之母。故常无欲，以观其妙；常有欲，以观其徼。此两者同出而异名，同谓之玄，玄之又玄，众妙之门。
The Tao that can be told is not the eternal Tao; The name that can be named is not the eternal name. The nameless is the beginning of heaven and earth. The named is the mother of ten thousand things. Ever desireless, one can see the mystery. Ever desiring, one can see the manifestations. These two spring from the same source but differ in name; this appears as darkness. Darkness within darkness. The gate to all mystery.
第八章
上善若水。水善利万物而不争，处众人之所恶，故几于道。居善地，心善渊，与善仁，言善信，政善治，事善能，动善时。夫唯不争，故无尤。
The highest good is like water. Water benefits all things without contention. It stays in places that others disdain. Thus it is like the Tao. In dwelling, be close to the land. In meditation, go deep in the heart. In dealing with others, be gentle and kind. In speech, be true. In ruling, be just. In business, be competent. In action, be timely. No fight: No blame.
第三十三章
知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。知足者富，强行者有志，不失其所者久，死而不亡者寿。
He who knows others is wise; He who knows himself is enlightened. He who conquers others has physical strength; He who conquers himself is strong. He who is content is rich. He who acts with persistence has will. He who does not lose his place will endure. He who dies but does not perish has longevity.
第七十八章
天下莫柔弱于水，而攻坚强者莫之能胜，以其无以易之。弱之胜强，柔之胜刚，天下莫不知，莫能行。
Nothing in the world is softer and weaker than water. But for attacking the hard and strong, nothing can surpass it. For there is nothing that can take its place. That the weak overcomes the strong, and the soft overcomes the hard, everyone in the world knows, but none can practice it.