Chen Tuan陈抟
Basic Information基本信息
Chen Tuan, styled Tunan, also known as Chen Xiyi, was a legendary Daoist sage who lived through the tumultuous period from the late Tang Dynasty to the early Song Dynasty. Renowned for his mastery of Daoist practices, I Ching studies, and internal alchemy (Neidan), he is credited with creating or transmitting important cosmological diagrams like the Wuji Tu (Diagram of the Limitless) and the Xiantian Tu (Diagram of Pre-Heaven). He emphasized the integration of numerology (Xiangshu) with self-cultivation and is also traditionally associated with the origins of Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology).
陈抟，字图南，号希夷先生，是一位生活在唐末至宋初动荡时期的传奇道教人物。他以精通道教修行、《易经》研究和内丹术闻名，被认为创造或传承了重要的宇宙图示，如"无极图"和"先天图"（先天八卦图）。他强调将象数之学与内丹修养相结合，传统上也认为他与紫微斗数的起源有关。
Major Influences & Legacy主要影响与历史地位
Cosmology & Philosophical Foundations
宇宙观与哲学基础
- Limitless Generates Taiji (Wuji Sheng Taiji): Proposed the Wuji Tu (Diagram of the Limitless) and Taiji Tu (Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate) depicting cosmic evolution.
- Pre-Heaven Bagua System (Xiantian Bagua): Organized Fu Xi's diagrams and the Pre-Heaven spatio-temporal structure.
- 无极生太极：提出无极图与太极图构成宇宙演化。
- 先天八卦系统：整理伏羲图与先天时空结构。
Foundation of I Ching Studies & Numerological Arts
易学与术数奠基
- Merging I Ching Principles and Numerology (Yili Xiangshu Heliu): Integrated philosophies of Laozi, Zhuangzi, Ziping, Huang-Lao with numerology (Xiangshu).
- Amalgamation of Astrology and Metaphysics (Xingming Mingli Zarong): Proposed ideas unifying Zi Wei Dou Shu and internal alchemy for destiny cultivation.
- 易理象数合流：融合老庄、子平、黄老与象数学。
- 星命命理杂融：提出紫微斗数、内丹修命合一思想。
Theoretical Source for Chinese Metaphysical Arts (Ming Li Xue)
命理学的理论源泉
- Integration of Metaphysics and Cultivation (Mingli Xiuxing Heti): Explained the resolution of destiny charts through internal alchemy and guiding Qi (Daoyin).
- Destiny as Number, Qi as Malleable (Ming Wei Shu, Qi Ke Tiao): Advocated that destiny charts represent numbers (patterns), but Qi (vital energy) can be regulated to adjust destiny.
- 命理修行合体：以内丹、导引术解释命局化解。
- 命为数，气可调：主张命局为数，调气即是调命。
Religious Veneration & Deification
宗教与神格化
Known as the "Recluse of Mount Hua", a major figure in Tang-Song esoteric traditions.
- Venerated in Daoism as a great hermit master and a figure in the lineage of immortals (Xiandao).
华山真人，唐宋玄门巨擘。
- 道教奉为隐修大宗，仙道法统人物。
Proto-Systems & Integrated Paths
系统雏形与融合路径
- Prototype of Zi Wei Dou Shu System: Proposed the initial form of the Purple Star Astrology stellar theories.
- Path Integrating Inner Destiny and Outer Prediction: Advocated combining internal alchemy for life cultivation with metaphysical prediction.
- 紫微系统雏形：提出斗数星曜理论初形。
- 内命结合路径：倡导内丹养命与命理预测融合。
Chain of Influence on Later Figures
后世影响人物链
- Key Transmission: Xiantian Tu (Pre-Heaven Diagram), concept of integrating destiny and cultivation.
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Key Influenced Figures Chain:
- Shao Yong (邵雍)
- Xu Ziping (徐子平) (Indirectly via cosmological views)
- Lü Dongbin (吕洞宾)
- Zhang Sanfeng (张三丰)
- Zhou Dunyi (周敦颐) (Via diagrams)
- Final Outcome: System integrating metaphysics with internal cultivation and refinement.
- 关键传承：先天图、命修一体思想。
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受影响的关键人物链：
- 邵雍
- 徐子平
- 吕洞宾
- 张三丰
- 周敦颐
- 最终成果：命理与修命内炼体系。
Famous Quotes经典名句
"Before Heaven and Earth were born, there was the Limitless (Wuji); the movement of the Limitless generates Yang, and its stillness generates Yin."
"天地未判之先，是为无极；无极而动则生阳，静则生阴。"
"顺非顺，逆非逆，彻见根源总是我。"
"To flow is not truly to flow; to reverse is not truly to reverse. Perceiving the root source thoroughly—it is always I."
Summary & Conclusion总结与评价
Chen Tuan's influence is significant in synthesizing Neo-Confucian cosmology (through his diagrams influencing Zhou Dunyi and Shao Yong) and Daoist internal alchemy. He represents a crucial link integrating I Ching numerology with practices aimed at refining one's destiny and achieving longevity or transcendence.
陈抟在中国思想体系中扮演关键角色，其影响深远地体现在易学、哲学、命理与政治制度等多重领域。